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Viral Warts (Verrucae)

Definition of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

Viral Warts (Verrucae) are epidermal growths resulting from infection of the skin with a filtered DNA virus called the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV).

They are auto-inoculable and contagious. They can affect any part of the body. The type of wart is dependent on the anatomical site and age of the individual.[1]

Overview

Overview of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

Common warts are small, grainy skin growths that occur most often on your fingers or hands.

Rough to the touch, common warts also often feature a pattern of tiny black dots, which are small, clotted blood vessels.

Common warts are caused by a virus and are transmitted by touch.

It can take a wart as long as two to six months to develop after your skin has been exposed to the virus.

Common warts are usually harmless and eventually disappear on their own. But many people choose to remove them because they find them bothersome or embarrassing.[4]

Causes

Causes of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

  • Common warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).
  • The virus is quite common and has more than 150 types, but only a few cause warts on your hands.
  • Some strains of HPV are acquired through sexual contact.
  • Most forms, however, are spread by casual skin contact or through shared objects, such as towels or washcloths.
  • The virus usually spreads through breaks in your skin, such as a hangnail or a scrape.
  • Biting your nails also can cause warts to spread on your fingertips and around your nails.
  • Each person’s immune system responds to the HPV virus differently, so not everyone who comes in contact with HPV develops warts.[4]

Risk factor

Risk factor of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

People at higher risk of developing common warts include i.e.:

  • Children and young adults, because their bodies may not have built up immunity to the virus
  • People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or people who’ve had organ transplants. [4]

Classification

Classification of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

Verruca plana or juvenile warts

  • These are seen in children usually on the back of the hands or on face.
  • They are smooth, small, flat topped papules of skin color.

Verruca vulgaris

  • These affect any part of the body especially the hands and feet, varying in size from pinhead to pea size.
  • The surface is rough and hyperkeratotic.
  • They are firm in consistency and not tender.

Filiform warts

  • These are finger­like growths, slender.
  • Description – Single or multiple, and thin found on the face and neck. white, pink, moist or slightly hyperpigmented hypertrophic warts which resembles a cauliflower.
  • Earl lesions may be flat.

Plantar and palmar warts

  • These occur on the palms and soles of the feet.
  • They are flat due to pressure, but are deep in the skin.
  • They are painful and tender, occur on sites of pressure like the balls of feet and heels. Often a number of these warts conglomerate to form a mosaic wart.
  • Clinically, it must be differentiated from a corn which also occurs on pressure points, tender at the centre, but has no papillomatous surface when scraped.
  • The normal lines of the skin stop at the margins of a wart.
  • When the surface is gently scraped, small bleeding points or black dots are seen.

Genital warts (Condylomata acuminata)

  • Predisposition – Sexually active adults of either sex.
  • Distribution – Anogenital region – Penile, vaginal or rectal mucosa may be involved.
  • Diagnosis – The verrucous, irregular surface of the lesion is highly suggestive. Biopsy may be necessary to exclude squamous cell carcinoma.

Occupational warts

  • These are common wart ­like papillomatous and/or dome shaped, deep warts with a smooth surface located on both dorsal and palmar sides of the hands.
  • They occur in butchers and fish handlers.

Sign & Symptoms

Sign & Symptoms of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

Common warts usually occur on your fingers or hands and may be i.e.:

  • Small, fleshy, grainy bumps
  • Rough to the touch
  • Sprinkled with black pinpoints, which are small, clotted blood vessels.[4]

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

In most cases, your doctor can diagnose a common wart with one or more of these techniques:

  • Examining the wart
  • Scraping off the top layer of the wart to check for signs of dark, pinpoint dots — clotted blood vessels — which are common with warts.
  • Removing a small section of the wart (shave biopsy) and sending it to a laboratory for analysis to rule out other types of skin growths. [4]

Treatment

Treatment of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

  • It is best to destroy the wart, by chemical, electrical or surgical means, the choice depending on the type and location of the wart. [1]
  • Chemical cautery – With trichloroacetic acid (50%), phenol (95%) or salicylic acid (30–40%) can be used in any of the warts.
  • Genital warts can be more easily treated with local application of 25% suspension of podophyllum in tincture benzoin.
  • First Vaseline is applied on the skin surrounding the lesion to protect it from an overflow of the medicine.
  • The podophyllum should be allowed to dry and after 2 hrs the whole area washed with soap and water.
  • If the lesion is big, podophyllum may have to be repeated at weekly intervals. Some­ times the warts may disappear without any treatment.
  • Cryotherapy – With liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide snow destroys the warts by freezing, and will leave no scar c. Electrocauterization – Under local anesthesia.
  • Laser surgery – CO2 laser therapy clears chronic, recalcitrant lesions, pulsed dye laser for vascular component.
  • Keratolytic agents. Salicylic acid (10–20%).
  • Formalin (2–3%) soaks in water for 15 minutes for plantar warts.[1]

Home Remedies

  • Use duct tape- Cut a piece that will just cover the wart. Stick it on and leave it there for six days. When you take the tape off, soak the area in water for a few minutes, then use a disposable emery board or pumice stone to file down the dead, thick skin. Leave the wart uncovered overnight and apply a new patch in the morning. Repeat the procedure until your wart-free.[3]
  • Cover it in vitamin C. Crush a vitamin C tablet and add water to make a thick paste. Apply it to the wart and then cover it with a bandage.
  • Be sure to dry off your wart after you wash, to reduce the chance of spreading the virus to someone else. When warts are wet, they seem to be more contagious.
  • Don’t scratch or pick at warts.
  • Apply freshly crushed garlic directly to the wart and cover with a bandage. The caustic effect of the garlic will cause the wart to blister and fall off in as little as one week.
  • Plantar warts are sensitive to heat and may disappear in a few weeks if you soak your feet in hot water for a about 15 minutes a day.
  • A popular folk remedy is to rub a juicy, freshly cut slice of raw potato over a wart. [3]

Prevention

Prevention of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

To reduce your risk of common warts i.e.:

  • Avoid direct contact with warts. Additionally, This includes your own warts.
  • Don’t pick at warts. In detail, Picking may spread the virus.
  • Don’t use the same emery board, pumice stone or nail clipper on your warts as you use on your healthy skin and nails. Use a disposable emery board.
  • Don’t bite your fingernails. Besides this, Warts occur more often in skin that has been broken. Nibbling the skin around your fingernails opens the door for the virus.
  • Groom with care. And avoid brushing, clipping or shaving areas that have warts. If you must shave, use an electric razor.[4]

Homeopathic Treatment

Homeopathic Treatment of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

Homeopathy treats the person as a whole. It means that homeopathic treatment focuses on the patient as a person, as well as his pathological condition. The homeopathic medicines selected after a full individualizing examination and case-analysis.

which includes

  • The medical history of the patient,
  • Physical and mental constitution,
  • Family history,
  • Presenting symptoms,
  • Underlying pathology,
  • Possible causative factors etc.

A miasmatic tendency (predisposition/susceptibility) also often taken into account for the treatment of chronic conditions.

What Homoeopathic doctors do?

A homeopathy doctor tries to treat more than just the presenting symptoms. The focus is usually on what caused the disease condition? Why ‘this patient’ is sick ‘this way’?.

The disease diagnosis is important but in homeopathy, the cause of disease not just probed to the level of bacteria and viruses. Other factors like mental, emotional and physical stress that could predispose a person to illness also looked for. No a days, even modern medicine also considers a large number of diseases as psychosomatic. The correct homeopathy remedy tries to correct this disease predisposition.

The focus is not on curing the disease but to cure the person who is sick, to restore the health. If a disease pathology not very advanced, homeopathy remedies do give a hope for cure but even in incurable cases, the quality of life can greatly improved with homeopathic medicines.

Homeopathic Medicines for Viral Warts (Verrucae)

The homeopathic remedies (medicines) given below indicate the therapeutic affinity but this is not a complete and definite guide to the homeopathy treatment of this condition. The symptoms listed against each homeopathic remedy may not be directly related to this disease because in homeopathy general symptoms and constitutional indications also taken into account for selecting a remedy.

Medicines:

Antimonium crudum (Ant-c.):

  • Hard, smooth warts that often appear in groups.
  • Irritability and a thickly coated white tongue also suggest the need for this remedy.
  • The person may also overeat and have various digestive complaints.
  • This remedy is mainly indicated in conditions that are aggravated by heat or by experience pain when not expected also benefit from back sulphide of antimony.
  • Eczema with gastric derangement
  • Pimples, vesicles also pustules.
  • Thick, hard, honey colored scab.
  • Measles like eruption, urticaria
  • Itching when warm in bed.
  • Scaly, pustular eruption with burning also itching.
  • Symptoms worsen in the morning, from heat, acids, wine, water and washing. Whereas Better in open air, during rest and with moist warmth.

Calcarea carbonica (Calc.):

  • Round, hard, solitary warts.
  • Often useful for endophytic warts that have a horny wall surrounding a central depression.
  • Indicated in people with clammy hands and feet who prefer routine and the familiar rather than change and the unknown.
  • Unhealthy, readily ulcerating also flaccid skin.
  • Small wound that does not heal easily.
  • Swollen glands on the neck, head and near ears generally caused by infection or stress.
  • Warts on face and hands.
  • Eating dirt and other indigestible things.
  • Symptoms worsen from physical exertion, cold weather, water, moist air, wet weather or due to standing for long periods of time. On the other hand, Better in dry climate

Causticum (Caust):

  • Old, large warts on the face especially the nose, under the fingernails, or warts on fingertips that bleed easily suggest the need for this remedy.
  • The warts also tend to be hard, inflamed, and painful and sit on whitish-yellow, dirty looking skin.
  • People who benefit from this remedy tend fear that something awful will happen and feel intensely sympathetic about the hardship of others.
  • This remedy is mainly helpful for people who have a white sallow skin wart, especially on the face.
  • Burning, rawness and soreness in skin are characteristic symptoms for which causticum is prescribed.
  • Large, jagged warts on the tips fingers and nose that bleed easily.
  • Old, painful burns that do not heal.
  • Reopened old injuries.
  • A tendency to develop to intertrigo during teething.
  • Symptoms worsen with dry, cold winds, in clear fine weather and cold air. On the other hand, Better in damp weather and warmth of the bed.

Cinnabaris (Cinnb):

  • A common remedy for molluscum contagiosum that has a reddish periphery and keratosis.
  • People needing this remedy may also be prone to sinusitis.

Dulcamara (Dulc):

  • Flat warts located on backs of hands and face and soft brownish to black seborrheic warts found on the back.
  • Indicated in people with rheumatic complaints that are worse in cold, damp weather or humidity.
  • It is most useful for facial warts that are large, flat or smooth in nature.
  • It is indicated for skin warts that appear on hands, arms and face during the menstrual period.
  • Inflammation of lymph nodes.
  • Itching that worsen in cold and wet weather.
  • Swollen and indurated glands from cold.
  • Thick brown yellow crusts that bleed when scratched.
  • Symptoms worsen at night, from cold and damp weather. Whereas, Better from moving about and external warmth.

Ferrum picricum (Ferr-pic):

  • Small pointed warts appearing in large groups.
  • Also useful in some cases of either flat or plane warts with irregular borders that grow on the face, neck, wrists, hands and knees.
  • Men may have prostatic enlargement.
  • Failure of an organ under exertion e.g., the voice fails after public speaking.
  • Corns with yellowish discoloration.
  • Hands covered with warts.[2]

Graphites (Graph.):

  • Especially in periungual warts or corn-like warts either on palms or soles of feet that may be tinged with yellow.
  • Indicated in those who have trouble making a decision also who are prone to keloid scarring.

Natrum Muriaticum (Nat-m):

  • An important remedy for warts on the palms of the hand also soles of the feet.
  • Indicated in those who are closed, reserved also sensitive.

Nitricum Acidum (Nit-ac.):

  • This remedy is specifically indicated in treating large, fissured or gold-yellow warts that itch and sting or bleed upon washing.
  • This remedy is also indicated for people who are anxious about health also worry about cancer.
  • Often useful for endophytic warts that have a horny wall surrounding a central depression or the more common plantar wart.
  • Dry, rough and cracked skin.
  • Eruptions on fingertips, knuckles also toes.
  • Vesicular eruptions in patches also circles.
  • Sores and raw skin on the sole of the feet.
  • Symptoms worsen with long periods of sitting, summer heat, mental exertion, changes in weather also sun exposure.

Ruta graveolens (Ruta):

  • This is a leading remedy especially for plantar warts, especially on the palms of the hand.
  • People needing Ruta are prone to injuries of tendons also periosteum of bone.

Thuja occidentalis (Thuj):

  • The most common remedy especially for various kinds of warts.
  • Particularly indicated in isolated, jagged warts that smell or bleed easily or mosaic warts on the sole of the foot.
  • Commonly needed for anogenital warts or butcher’s warts.
  • Indicated in those prone to numerous growths or tumors also who worry too much about what people think of them.[2]
  • Warts and ulcers arising in anogenital region.
  • Excessive perspiration with freckles and blotches.
  • Dry skin with brown spots.
  • Eruption on covered parts that worse especially after scratching.
  • Brown spots on hands also arms.
  • Symptoms worse at night from heat of the bed, Col, damp air, after breakfast or coffee, in higher-weight person and after vaccination.

Diet & Regimen

Diet & Regimen of Viral Warts (Verrucae)

Foods to be taken i.e.
  • Vegetables like spinach, kale, broccoli are high in vitamins also minerals that boost your immune system to fight viruses.
  • Furthermore, Foods like these that boost the immune system can decrease warts by fighting HPV.
  • Fruits are also effective for boosting the immune system and decreasing warts. Fruits like blueberries, tomatoes, cherries, pumpkin are some of the examples.
  • Lastly, Foods high in proteins like meat, fish, buts, whole grains are beneficial for warts.[3]
Foods to be avoided i.e.
  • Refined and processed foods like white breads also pastas
  • Foods with trans fats like cakes, cookies, crackers, donuts
  • Fast foods like onion rings also French fries
  • Food high in sugar.

FAQs

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Viral Warts?

Viral Warts (Verrucae) are epidermal growths resulting from infection of the skin with a filtered DNA virus called the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV).

Homeopathic Medicines used by Homeopathic Doctors in treatment of Viral Warts?

  • Calcarea carbonica
  • Causticum
  • Ferrum picricum
  • Graphites
  • Nitricum Acidum
  • Ruta graveolens
  • Thuja occidentalis

What is the main cause of Viral Warts?

Common warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV)

What are the symptoms of Viral Warts?

  • Small, fleshy, grainy bumps
  • Rough to the touch
  • Sprinkled with black pinpoints, which are small, clotted blood vessels.

What are the types of Viral Warts?

  • Verruca plana or juvenile warts
  • Verruca vulgaris
  • Filiform warts
  • Plantar and palmar warts
  • Genital warts (Condylomata acuminata)
  • Occupational warts

References:

  1. Text book of medicine by Golwala
  2. https://madhavuniversity.edu.in/warts.html
  3. https://www.mtatva.com/en/disease/warts-treatment-diet-and-home-remedies/
  4. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-warts/symptoms-causes/syc-20371125